Peritoneaaliseksi

Peritoneaaliseksi is a neoplastic disease characterized by the malignant transformation of cells within the peritoneal cavity, leading to the formation of tumor masses on the peritoneal surfaces. It is often associated with primary or secondary malignancies involving organs such as the ovaries, stomach, colon, or appendix. The term specifically refers to the spread of cancerous cells that implant on the peritoneum, resulting in widespread peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Clinically, peritoneaaliseksi may present with symptoms like abdominal distension, pain, ascites (fluid accumulation), and signs of bowel obstruction. Diagnosis typically involves imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT) scans, which reveal peritoneal nodules and fluid, combined with cytological analysis of ascitic fluid or tissue biopsies to confirm malignancy.

Pathologically, peritoneaaliseksi features diffuse tumor dissemination across the peritoneal lining, often with tumor implants embedded in the mesothelium. The disease's progression is influenced by the tumor's ability to invade and survive within the peritoneal environment, often aided by angiogenesis and immune evasion mechanisms.

Treatment approaches generally include cytoreductive surgery aimed at removing visible tumor deposits, followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) to eradicate residual microscopic disease. Systemic chemotherapy may also be employed depending on tumor origin and extent. Despite advances in treatment, the prognosis for patients with peritoneaaliseksi remains guarded, with survival rates varying based on tumor origin, stage at diagnosis, and response to therapy.

Research continues to explore targeted therapies and immunomodulatory approaches to improve outcomes for individuals affected by this condition.