Peristeria

Peristeria is a genus of flowering plants in the orchid family (Orchidaceae). It is commonly known as the dove orchid or Holy Ghost orchid, a reference to the distinctive shape of its flowers. The genus includes several species native to tropical regions of Central America and parts of northern South America. The best known species is Peristeria elata, which has made the name widely familiar in orchid culture and hobbyist circles.

Description and habitat

Peristeria species are typically epiphytic orchids with memory of flattened or clavate pseudobulbs and two to three leaves borne on the mature growth. They produce one or more inflorescences bearing white flowers. In Peristeria elata, the central region of the flower forms a structure that resembles a white dove, a feature created by the labellum and surrounding petals. Flowers are generally arranged for short to moderate blooming periods, often in spring or early summer. These orchids prefer warm, humid tropical or subtropical conditions and are commonly found growing on trees in forested habitats, with good air circulation and bright, indirect light.

Taxonomy and naming

The genus name Peristeria derives from the Greek word for dove, reflecting the characteristic flower shape of the best-known species. The group is primarily recognized by orchid specialists and is cultivated by orchid enthusiasts around the world.

Ecology and cultivation

Pollination is believed to involve orchid bees that visit the flowers to collect fragrance compounds. Peristeria species are popular in cultivation due to their striking flower form, but they require careful care: warm temperatures, high humidity, bright but indirect light, and a well-draining orchid mix. They are typically grown in pots or baskets and may require repotting every few years.

Conservation

Wild populations of Peristeria, especially P. elata, face threats from habitat loss and over-collection. Conservation efforts focus on habitat protection and responsible cultivation in botanical gardens and by hobbyists to reduce pressure on natural populations.