Patagioenas

Patagioenas is a genus of pigeons in the family Columbidae, comprising several New World species that are native to the Americas. Members of this genus are medium to large pigeons with stout bodies, short necks, and relatively long tails. The genus was separated from Columba based on molecular phylogenetic studies that revealed distinct Old World and New World lineages, leading to reclassification of a number of species into Patagioenas.

Patagioenas species occupy a wide range of habitats, including temperate forests, tropical woodlands, mangroves, and agricultural areas. They are primarily frugivorous, feeding on fruits and seeds, and they typically forage on the ground or in trees. Reproduction involves building simple nests in trees, with most species laying one to two eggs per brood. Many Patagioenas species are sedentary or undertake short-distance migrations, while others are capable of longer movements in response to seasonal food availability.

Notable species in the genus include the band-tailed pigeon (Patagioenas fasciata) and the scaled pigeon (Patagioenas speciosa), which reflect the geographic and ecological diversity of Patagioenas across tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas.

Conservation status within the genus varies by species. While several populations are considered stable, others face threats from habitat destruction, hunting, and invasive predators. Ongoing taxonomic and genetic studies continue to refine the understanding of relationships within Patagioenas and between related pigeon groups.