Passifloraceae

Passifloraceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Malpighiales. It comprises several genera, with Passiflora (the passionflowers) being the most prominent and widely cultivated. The family is native to tropical and subtropical regions, especially the Americas, Africa, and parts of Asia, and many species are grown ornamentally or for fruit.

Members are typically climbing or scrambling woody or herbaceous vines, often with tendrils. Leaves are usually alternate and may be simple or lobed, commonly with three lobes in many species. The flowers are notable for their complex structure, often including a corona of filaments that forms a colorful ring around the reproductive organs. Flowers are usually bisexual and can be large and showy; they attract a range of pollinators, including bees, hummingbirds, and bats, depending on the species. The fruit is usually a berry, frequently edible, as in the cultivated passion fruit (Passiflora edulis and relatives).

Economically important Passiflora species are grown for fresh fruit, fruit juice, and ornamental horticulture. Some species have traditional medicinal uses or are studied for phytochemicals such as alkaloids and flavonoids.

Systematics note: The circumscription of the family has changed with molecular studies; traditional segregate genera such as Turneraceae have been incorporated into Passifloraceae in modern classifications. Species diversity is highest in the tropical Americas.