Parswanath

Parswanath, also known as Parshva, was the twenty-third Tirthankara of Jainism. He is a highly revered figure in the Jain tradition, believed to have lived in the 9th century BCE. Jain scriptures describe him as a prince who renounced his worldly life to become an ascetic. His teachings emphasized the principles of ahimsa (non-violence), satya (truth), asteya (non-stealing), brahmacharya (chastity), and aparigraha (non-possession).

Legend states that Parswanath attained enlightenment, known as kevala jnana, after years of intense meditation and asceticism. He is often depicted with a serpent hood above his head, symbolizing his protection from harm and his ability to overcome obstacles. The serpent motif is a significant icon associated with him.

Parswanath's followers believed he revived and revitalized the Jain dharma, which had been taught by previous Tirthankaras. His philosophy centered on the liberation of the soul from the cycle of birth and death through spiritual discipline. He is considered a historical figure by many scholars, although the exact details of his life are a matter of religious tradition. His teachings continue to be a cornerstone of Jain philosophy and practice, guiding millions in their spiritual journey.