Overfløp

Overfløp, often translated as overflow, is a phenomenon that occurs when a numerical value exceeds the maximum capacity of its designated storage space. In computing, this is a common issue encountered in various contexts, particularly with integer data types. When an operation, such as addition or multiplication, results in a value larger than what can be represented by the type, an overflow occurs. The exact behavior of an overflow is dependent on the programming language and the specific data type used. Some systems may wrap around, meaning the value resets to the minimum representable value, while others might trigger an error or produce an unpredictable result.

Integer overflow can lead to significant bugs and security vulnerabilities. For instance, if a program uses a fixed-size integer to store a count and that count exceeds the maximum value, the count might unexpectedly become negative or zero, leading to incorrect program logic. In security contexts, attackers can exploit integer overflows to manipulate program behavior, potentially causing buffer overflows or gaining unauthorized access.

To mitigate overflow issues, programmers often employ larger data types, perform checks before operations that might cause overflow, or use libraries designed to handle arbitrary-precision arithmetic. Understanding the limits of data types and anticipating potential overflows are crucial aspects of robust software development.