Näthinneinflammation

Näthinneinflammation, also known as uveitis, refers to the inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye that includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. This condition can cause significant discomfort and, if untreated, may lead to vision impairment or loss. Uveitis is typically classified based on the specific part of the uvea affected, such as anterior uveitis (inflammation of the iris and ciliary body), intermediate uveitis (inflammation of the vitreous body), posterior uveitis (inflammation of the choroid), or panuveitis (inflammation affecting all layers).

The exact cause of näthinneinflammation varies, but it is often associated with autoimmune or inflammatory disorders, infections, or trauma. Common underlying conditions include rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, sarcoidosis, and certain infections like herpes simplex or toxoplasmosis. In some cases, the cause remains unidentified. Symptoms may include redness in the eye, pain, blurred vision, light sensitivity, and the presence of floaters. Severe cases can lead to complications such as cataracts, glaucoma, or retinal detachment.

Diagnosis involves a comprehensive eye examination, including slit-lamp biomicroscopy and dilated fundus examination to assess inflammation and identify potential causes. Additional tests, such as blood tests or imaging studies, may be conducted to rule out systemic conditions. Treatment aims to reduce inflammation and manage underlying causes. Common approaches include the use of corticosteroid eye drops or oral medications, immunosuppressive drugs, or antibiotics if an infection is present. In some cases, intraocular injections of steroids or other anti-inflammatory agents may be necessary.

Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preserving vision. Patients with recurrent or severe näthinneinflammation may require long-term management by an ophthalmologist in collaboration with a rheumatologist or infectious disease specialist, depending on the underlying cause. Regular follow-up visits are essential to monitor progress and adjust treatment as needed.