Nägemispuuete

Nägemispuue, meaning visual impairment in Estonian, refers to a significant reduction in vision that cannot be fully corrected with eyeglasses or contact lenses. This condition encompasses a wide spectrum of visual deficits, ranging from partial sight to total blindness. It is crucial to distinguish between legal blindness, a functional definition used for social services and legal rights, and medical blindness, which implies no light perception.

Causes of nägemispuue are diverse and can include congenital conditions, such as albinism or congenital cataracts, as well as acquired conditions like macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and optic nerve damage. Age-related macular degeneration is a leading cause of severe visual impairment in older adults.

The impact of nägemispuue on an individual's life can be profound, affecting daily activities, mobility, education, employment, and social interaction. However, with appropriate support and assistive technologies, many individuals with visual impairments can lead fulfilling and independent lives.

Diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive eye examination by an ophthalmologist or optometrist, who will assess visual acuity, visual fields, and other aspects of eye health. Treatment and management strategies depend on the underlying cause and severity of the impairment. This may include medical or surgical interventions, low vision aids like magnifiers and specialized software, orientation and mobility training, and adaptive strategies for daily living. Support services and rehabilitation programs play a vital role in helping individuals adapt to their vision loss and maximize their potential.