Mulchointi

Mulchointi, or mulching, is the practice of covering soil around plants with a protective layer. It is used to conserve soil moisture, regulate soil and air temperature, suppress weeds, reduce erosion, and improve soil structure and biodiversity. Mulchointi is widely applied in gardens, agricultural fields, landscapes, and container plantings.

Mulch materials are classified as organic and inorganic. Organic mulches include wood chips or bark, straw, leaves, compost, and grass clippings that decompose and add nutrients to the soil. Inorganic mulches include plastic films, landscape fabrics, stones, and rubber. The choice depends on climate, plant type, cost, and maintenance needs.

Benefits and caveats accompany mulchingi. Organic mulches gradually improve soil fertility and moisture retention and help moderate temperature and weed growth. However, fresh high-carbon materials can temporarily tie up nitrogen, and thick layers can create overly moist conditions that promote rot or pests. Mulch should be kept away from stems or trunks to prevent rot and rodent harborage; it should be refreshed as it decomposes.

Application guidance. For garden beds, apply about 5–8 cm of mulch, thicker in very dry climates and thinner near plant crowns. Replenish annually or as needed. After application, water to settle the material and avoid piling mulch on wet leaves.

Alternatives and broader context. Mulching is part of soil health strategies that include composting, cover crops, and proper irrigation. In some settings, living mulches or groundcovers can provide similar benefits while supporting biodiversity.