Modestie

Modestie, or modesty, refers to a quality characterized by humility, temperance in behavior and speech, and restraint in dress or self-presentation. Etymologically, the word derives from Latin modestus, through Old French and Middle French into English; in French, modestie denotes the same concept.

Across cultures, modesty is a social norm rather than a universal trait. What counts as modest or immodest dress, talk, or ambition varies greatly by era and setting, influenced by religion, family upbringing, and social status. In some societies, modesty serves to reduce attention to the body and to protect privacy; in others, it signals piety, respectability, or social harmony.

Religious traditions often attach explicit guidelines to modesty. For example, many branches of Islam, Judaism, and Christianity promote clothing or behavior that avoids drawing undue attention; in Hindu and Buddhist contexts, modesty can be linked to forms of self-control and non-attachment. Modern secular cultures may treat modesty as a personal choice, focusing on consent and autonomy.

In contemporary discourse, modesty can be discussed as virtue, personal boundary, or social performance. Critics argue that rigid modesty norms can reinforce gender stereotypes or suppress self-expression, while proponents see modesty as a respectful or ethical stance.

Related concepts include humility, restraint, propriety, and decorum.