Mjölkkörtlarna

Mjölkkörtlarna, known in English as mammary glands, are a defining characteristic of mammals. These specialized glands are responsible for producing and secreting milk, a nutrient-rich substance vital for the nourishment of newborn offspring. The primary function of mjölkkörtlarna is lactation, a complex physiological process regulated by hormones.

In female mammals, mjölkkörtlarna typically develop and enlarge during pregnancy in preparation for milk production. After birth, they begin to synthesize and release milk, which contains essential fats, proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. This milk provides not only sustenance but also crucial antibodies that help protect the young from infections.

The structure of mjölkkörtlarna varies among species. In humans, they are located on the chest and are relatively prominent. In many other mammals, such as cows and goats, they are more numerous and can be found in different areas of the body. The secretion of milk is usually stimulated by the act of suckling by the young, which triggers hormonal feedback mechanisms.

While primarily associated with females for reproduction, males of most mammal species also possess rudimentary mjölkkörtlar that typically do not develop or function. The presence and functionality of mjölkkörtlarna are fundamental to the mammalian class, enabling them to provide post-natal care and ensuring the survival of their species. The composition and volume of milk produced can vary significantly depending on the species, reflecting the specific nutritional needs of their offspring.