Microadjustments

Microadjustments are small, precise refinements used to improve the performance, accuracy, or usability of a system. They involve minor changes, typically expressed in fractional units such as millimeters, degrees, or percentages, and occur during setup, calibration, or optimization. They are distinct from larger redesigns and aim for incremental gains.

In optics and photography, microadjustment often refers to autofocus microadjustment (AFMA). This tunes the camera body's focus position to compensate for differences with a given lens, helping reduce front- and back-focus errors. The process can involve test targets and calibration tools, and some systems support per-lens or automatic adjustments.

In manufacturing and engineering, microadjustments are tiny offsets applied to tools, jigs, or components to achieve tighter tolerances or compensate for wear, temperature drift, or assembly variation. They are determined by precision measurement methods such as dial indicators, laser trackers, or coordinate measuring machines, and are carefully documented.

In software, human–computer interaction, and product design, microadjustments describe small changes to settings, control parameters, or interface behavior to improve responsiveness, accessibility, or comfort. Examples include adjusting cursor speed, scroll sensitivity, or control weights in iterative testing.

Effective use of microadjustments relies on accurate measurement, repeatability, and clear criteria for success. Caution is advised to avoid over-tuning, which can introduce instability or new errors, and adjustments should be validated under representative conditions and within established tolerances.