Metalsplatinum

Metalsplatinum, commonly referred to as platinum, is a chemical element with the symbol Pt and atomic number 78. It is a dense, malleable, and highly unreactive transition metal belonging to the platinum group. In the periodic table, it sits in group 10 and is known for its durability and corrosion resistance.

Platinum has a high melting point of about 1772°C and boils at roughly 3225°C. Its density is 21.45 g/cm3, making it one of the densest elements. The metal is notably inert, resisting oxidation and attack by most acids, which contributes to its stability in harsh industrial environments. These properties, along with its ability to retain shape under stress, make platinum valuable for long‑term use.

Occurrence and production are relatively limited. Platinum is a rare element in the Earth's crust and is usually found in association with nickel and copper sulfide ores. Major producers include South Africa, Russia, Canada, and Zimbabwe.

Applications are diverse. Platinum serves as a catalyst in numerous chemical reactions, including petroleum refining, hydrogenation, and various oxidation processes. It is also widely used in catalytic converters to reduce vehicle emissions and in several industrial processes. In jewelry, platinum is prized for its strength, density, and natural white luster. It appears in electrical contacts, laboratory equipment, and some medical devices. Platinum is often alloyed with iridium to improve mechanical properties for high‑performance applications.

History notes place its modern discovery in the 18th century, with the mineral first described by Antonio de Ulloa and named platina, meaning “little silver,” for its resemblance to silver.