Merinó

Merinó is a term used in some languages and trade contexts to refer to Merino sheep or Merino wool. While the exact usage can vary by region, the word generally denotes the same family of fine-wooled sheep and their fleece, and it is often encountered in textile and agricultural conversations.

Origins and history

The Merino breed originated on the Iberian Peninsula, where breeders over centuries selected for exceptionally fine wool. The lineage spread globally through trade and colonization, becoming a cornerstone of the early modern wool industry. In the 18th and 19th centuries, Merino stock was introduced to other continents, notably contributing to the development of large-scale wool production in Australia and elsewhere.

Animal characteristics

Merino sheep are typically medium-sized and known for their dense, high-quality fleece. They exhibit variations in body type and wool density across lines, but the defining feature is the fleece: fine, soft, and highly elastic. The wool’s fineness is described in microns, with commercial grades commonly ranging from the mid-teens to the low twenties. The fleece weight and quality make Merino sheep a preferred source for premium textiles.

Wool and textiles

Merino wool is valued for its softness, warmth-to-weight ratio, breathability, and ability to regulate temperature. It is widely used in high-end apparel, activewear, and luxury fabrics. The fibre can be processed into various yarns and fabrics, from lightweight knits to fine worsted products.

Management and production

Merino flocks are typically managed through grazing systems with regular shearing, usually once a year. Breeding programs aim to improve wool quality, yield, and adaptability to local climates. The term merinó thus appears in contexts describing the sheep or the fleece used in textile production.

See also: Merino sheep, Merino wool.