Melatoniinin

Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland in the brain. It plays a crucial role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle and is often referred to as the "sleep hormone." Melatonin levels naturally rise in the evening and fall in the morning, helping to control circadian rhythms. This hormone is produced in response to darkness and is suppressed by light, making it a useful marker for assessing circadian rhythm disorders.

Melatonin is also available as a supplement and is commonly used to treat sleep disorders such as insomnia, jet lag, and shift work sleep disorder. It is generally considered safe for short-term use, but long-term use and high doses can have side effects, including drowsiness, dizziness, and gastrointestinal issues. Melatonin supplements are available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, and liquid drops.

The production of melatonin is influenced by several factors, including age, light exposure, and certain medications. For example, melatonin levels tend to decrease with age, which can contribute to sleep disturbances in older adults. Light exposure, particularly blue light from electronic devices, can also disrupt melatonin production and interfere with sleep.

Research on melatonin has shown promising results in various areas, including its potential to improve sleep quality and reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. However, more studies are needed to fully understand its mechanisms and long-term effects. Overall, melatonin is a naturally occurring hormone with significant implications for sleep and overall health.