MEMSkiirendusmõõtjad

MEMSkiirendusmõõtjad, often translated as MEMS accelerometers, are miniature devices that measure acceleration. MEMS stands for Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems, a technology that allows for the creation of microscopic mechanical and electronic components on a silicon chip. These accelerometers typically work by detecting changes in the position of a proof mass within a sealed structure. When the device accelerates, the proof mass moves relative to its housing. This displacement is then converted into an electrical signal, usually through capacitive or piezoelectric effects.

Capacitive MEMS accelerometers work by measuring the change in capacitance between the moving proof mass and fixed electrodes. As the proof mass shifts due to acceleration, the distance between the electrodes changes, altering the capacitance, which is then measured and processed. Piezoelectric accelerometers utilize materials that generate an electrical charge when subjected to mechanical stress. The acceleration causes stress on these piezoelectric materials, producing a voltage proportional to the acceleration.

These devices are incredibly versatile and have found widespread applications. They are essential components in smartphones for screen orientation, motion detection in games, and power management. In the automotive industry, they are used in airbag deployment systems, electronic stability control, and navigation. MEMS accelerometers are also found in consumer electronics like fitness trackers, drones, and even in industrial applications for vibration monitoring and structural health assessment. Their small size, low power consumption, and relatively low cost have made them ubiquitous in modern technology.