Lyklaborð

Lyklaborð is an input device consisting of a grid of keys arranged to enter text, numbers, and commands into computers and other electronic devices. It typically includes letters, digits, punctuation, and control keys, along with modifiers (such as Shift, Ctrl, and Alt), function keys, and navigation keys. In Icelandic, the term combines lykl- (key) and borð (board).

Historically, keyboards emerged from typewriters in the 19th century, with the QWERTY layout popularized in the United States and later adopted for computers. Today, keyboards are used across desktop and mobile contexts, with layouts and technologies evolving from mechanical to membrane, scissor, and mechanical switches in a wide range of styles and sizes.

Layout and variants: The most common layout is QWERTY, but many languages use customized layouts. In Icelandic, keyboards include letters such as æ, þ, ð, and ö. Alternative layouts include US QWERTY, DVORAK, and regional arrangements. Key blocks typically include an alphanumeric area, a numeric keypad, a function row (F1–F12), and a navigation cluster.

Types and connectivity: Keyboards come in wired (USB or USB-C, sometimes PS/2) and wireless (Bluetooth, 2.4 GHz) variants. They vary in key mechanism (mechanical, membrane, or scissor), form factor (full-size, tenkeyless, 60%), and ergonomics (split, angled, or curved designs). Keyboards commonly support backlighting and programmable macro keys. Standards include USB HID and layout specifications such as ISO/IEC 9995.