backlighting

Backlighting is a lighting arrangement where the primary light source is placed behind a subject, relative to the camera. The resulting rim of light around the subject helps separate it from the background and can produce a silhouette if the foreground is underexposed.

In photography and cinematography, backlighting is often used in combination with key light and fill light. A hard backlight creates a crisp edge; a soft backlight uses diffusers or bounce to create a more gradual halo. Backlighting can accentuate hair, clothes, or textures and is useful for mood, drama, or glow effects. It can also present challenges in exposure, contrast, and lens flare.

In stage lighting and film lighting practice, backlight or kicker lights are used to separate performers from the background and to sculpt their forms on a dark stage. Color gels and multiple backlights can influence mood and depth.

In display technology, backlighting refers to illuminating a display from behind. LCDs, LED-backlit panels use backlights such as edge-lit or full-array with diffusers to create uniform brightness. OLED displays do not require backlighting because each pixel emits light. Backlighting considerations include brightness, uniformity, power consumption, and heat.

In architecture and signage, backlighting highlights signs and architectural features, often with indirect lighting to avoid glare.