Ljumskbråck

Ljumskbråck, also known as inguinal hernia, is a medical condition where a portion of intestine or other abdominal tissue protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal muscles of the groin. This protrusion creates a bulge that can be noticeable, especially when standing or straining.

The primary cause of ljumskbråck is a weakness in the abdominal wall, which can be congenital or develop over time. Factors that increase the risk include heavy lifting, chronic coughing, obesity, pregnancy, and straining during bowel movements or urination. While both men and women can develop ljumskbråck, it is significantly more common in men.

Symptoms of ljumskbråck can vary. Some individuals may experience no symptoms other than a visible bulge. Others might feel a dull ache, pressure, or a burning sensation in the groin area, particularly when standing, bending over, or lifting. If the hernia becomes incarcerated, meaning it gets trapped and cannot be pushed back in, it can lead to severe pain, nausea, and vomiting, which are signs of a medical emergency requiring immediate attention.

Diagnosis is typically made through a physical examination. In some cases, imaging tests like an ultrasound or CT scan may be used to confirm the diagnosis or assess the extent of the hernia.

Treatment for ljumskbråck depends on the severity of symptoms and the risk of complications. Small, asymptomatic hernias may be monitored. However, most symptomatic ljumskbråck or those at risk of incarceration require surgical repair. Surgery involves pushing the protruding tissue back into the abdomen and strengthening the weakened abdominal wall, often with a synthetic mesh.