Liityntäliikenne

Liityntäliikenne is a Finnish term that refers to interconnection traffic between telecommunications networks. It encompasses the data, voice, and signalling streams that traverse the physical and logical interfaces that link separate service providers or network operators. In practice, liityntäliikenne enables customers of one operator to reach the services of another operator, forming the backbone of global mobile, fixed, and broadband communications.

The concept originated in the 1990s as countries liberalised their telecom markets. In Finland, the early 2000s saw the introduction of mandatory interconnection agreements between the national operator, TeliaSonera, and emerging competitors. These agreements stipulated fair access to exchange points, cost transparency, and quality-of-service requirements, ensuring that liityntäliikenne could sustain competitive balance across the industry.

Liityntäliikenne is delivered through a variety of technical mechanisms. Core interconnects often use multiplexed fibre links with protocols such as Ethernet, ATM, or MPLS to transport IP packets, while traditional voice rings employ Signalling System No. 7 (SS7) over P‐cards. In broadband access, Passive Optical Networks (PON) and DSL line terminals are common. Operators can also use satellite or microwave links when terrestrial routes are unavailable.

Regulators monitor liityntäliikenne to prevent anti‑competitive practices. In Finland, the Communications Authority and the European Commission set guidelines on interchange fees, routing obligations, and non‑discriminatory terms. Disputes over pricing or service quality are resolved through mediation or, if necessary, legal proceedings.

By ensuring seamless interconnection, liityntäliikenne supports network neutrality, fosters innovation, and provides end users with diverse service options, maintaining the dynamism of the telecommunications ecosystem.