Ligaturmärken

Ligaturmärken, which translates to "ligation marks" or "ligature scars" in English, are physical evidence of the use of ligatures for binding or restraint. These marks can appear on the skin of individuals and are often found in forensic contexts, particularly in cases of strangulation, homicide, or as evidence of past imprisonment or restraint. The appearance of ligaturmärken varies depending on the type of ligature used, the duration of application, and the individual's skin characteristics.

Common characteristics of ligaturmärken include abrasions, contusions, lacerations, or petechiae. Abrasions are superficial injuries caused by friction, while contusions are bruises resulting from the rupture of small blood vessels. Lacerations are deeper cuts or tears in the skin. Petechiae are tiny pinpoint hemorrhages that can occur due to increased venous pressure. The pattern of the mark, such as its width, depth, and any striations or impressions left by the ligature material, can provide valuable information about the object used for binding.

In forensic investigations, the analysis of ligaturmärken can help determine the nature of the restraint, differentiate between ante-mortem (before death) and post-mortem (after death) injuries, and potentially identify the type of material used. The presence and characteristics of these marks are crucial for reconstructing events and establishing facts in legal proceedings. The healing process of these marks, if the individual survives, can also provide an indication of when the restraint occurred.