Levyepiteelisyöpä

Levyepiteelisyöpä, also known as squamous cell carcinoma, is a type of cancer that arises from squamous cells. These are flat, thin cells that make up the outer layer of the skin and line many organs and cavities in the body, including the mouth, throat, esophagus, lungs, and cervix.

The development of squamous cell carcinoma is often linked to chronic exposure to certain carcinogens or conditions that cause repeated injury and inflammation to the affected tissues. For example, in the skin, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is a major risk factor. In the lungs, smoking is the primary cause. Similarly, heavy alcohol consumption and certain human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are associated with squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck region and the cervix, respectively.

Symptoms of levyepiteelisyöpä vary depending on the location of the cancer. Skin squamous cell carcinoma often appears as a firm, red nodule, a scaly, crusted patch, or a sore that doesn't heal. In the mouth, it might present as a non-healing sore, a white or red patch, or a lump. Other symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, or a persistent cough, depending on the site.

Diagnosis typically involves a biopsy, where a sample of the suspicious tissue is examined under a microscope by a pathologist. Treatment options depend on the stage and location of the cancer, and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these. Early detection generally leads to a better prognosis. Prevention strategies involve reducing exposure to known risk factors such as UV radiation, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, and practicing safe sex to prevent HPV transmission.