Leverproblemer

Leverproblemer, or liver problems, refer to a broad range of conditions that affect the liver, an essential organ for metabolism, detoxification, bile production, and storage. Common liver problems include nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), often linked to obesity and metabolic syndrome; alcoholic liver disease from excessive alcohol use; viral hepatitis (A, B, C); autoimmune hepatitis; and cirrhosis, a condition characterized by extensive scarring that impairs liver function. Other serious conditions include liver cancer and genetic disorders such as hemochromatosis or Wilson’s disease.

Symptoms can be nonspecific, especially in early stages, but may include fatigue, jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes), right upper abdominal pain, abdominal swelling (ascites), dark urine, pale stools, and, in advanced cases, confusion or sleepiness due to hepatic encephalopathy. Because many liver problems do not cause noticeable symptoms initially, regular health checks and blood tests are important for at‑risk individuals.

Diagnosis typically involves blood tests to assess liver enzymes (such as ALT and AST), bilirubin, and other markers, as well as imaging studies like ultrasound, CT, or MRI. A liver biopsy may be used in some cases to determine severity and guide treatment.

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include lifestyle changes (weight loss and exercise for NAFLD), abstaining from alcohol, antiviral therapy for hepatitis, immunosuppressants for autoimmune hepatitis, and management of complications in cirrhosis. Vaccines are available for hepatitis A and B, and prevention includes limiting alcohol, maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding risky behaviors, and regular medical follow-up for those with known liver disease.

If experiencing persistent symptoms or signs of liver dysfunction, seek medical evaluation promptly.