Lesyon

Lesyon, often spelled lesion in English, is a localized abnormality of tissue that results from injury, infection, inflammation, or disease. Lesions may be visible on the skin or mucous membranes, or may be internal, detected by imaging or examination. They can vary in size, shape, color, and depth, and may be transient or persistent.

Classification: Lesions are commonly described as primary or secondary. Primary lesions arise as direct manifestations of disease and include macules, patches, papules, plaques, vesicles, bullae, pustules, wheals, nodules, and ulcers. Secondary lesions result from evolution or healing of primary lesions and include crusts, scales, erosions, fissures, scars, atrophy, and keloids.

Distribution and examples: Cutaneous lesions appear on the skin; mucosal lesions affect mucous membranes; internal lesions occur in organs such as the liver, brain, or lungs and may be identified by imaging, biopsy, or laboratory tests.

Evaluation: Diagnosis combines history, physical examination, and targeted testing (dermoscopy, biopsy, imaging, laboratory tests). Distinguishing benign from malignant lesions or infectious from inflammatory causes is critical.

Treatment and prognosis: Management targets the underlying cause and may include observation, wound care, topical or systemic medications (antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, antivirals), or surgical procedures for removal, drainage, or biopsy. Prognosis varies with etiology; most benign lesions resolve or stabilize, while malignant or chronic lesions require ongoing management.