Langlífi

Langlífi is the Icelandic term for longevity, referring to the condition of living a long life. In everyday language it denotes the length of life, while in demography and gerontology it also encompasses healthspan—the period of life spent in good health.

Etymology: langlífi combines lang (long) and líf (life) in Icelandic.

Determinants: Lifespan and healthspan result from an interplay of genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors. Genetic contribution to variation in lifespan is recognized, with heritability estimates commonly cited as a portion of observed differences among individuals. Lifestyle choices and social conditions—such as not smoking, regular physical activity, a nutritious diet, maintaining a healthy weight, and access to quality healthcare—strongly influence longevity. Environmental factors like air quality and safe housing also play roles.

Demographics and trends: Life expectancy has risen globally due to improvements in public health, medicine, and sanitation. Many societies face aging populations, which affects labor markets, healthcare systems, and pension schemes. Langlífi is thus linked to policy discussions on elder care, disability, and social support.

Research and interventions: The study of aging biology—gerontology and biogerontology—addresses cellular aging, genetics, and aging-related diseases. Interventions range from lifestyle modifications to emerging biomedical approaches aimed at extending healthspan. Public health efforts remain central to extending both lifespan and healthy years.

Cultural perspectives: Attitudes toward aging and longevity vary by culture, influencing family roles, retirement, and the social integration of older adults.