Laminatmodell

Laminatmodell is a term used in engineering and materials science to describe a modeling approach for laminated materials, such as plywood, fiber-reinforced polymers, and laminated glass. The model treats a laminate as a stack of individual plies bonded together, with the overall mechanical behavior determined by the properties, thickness, and orientation of each ply.

The most common framework is Classical Lamination Theory (CLT). In CLT, the laminate is described by mid-plane strains and curvatures, while the external demands are expressed as resultant forces and moments. The relationship is written through the ABD matrix: N = A ε0 + B κ and M = B ε0 + D κ, where A, B, and D are, respectively, the extensional, coupling, and bending stiffness matrices of the laminate. These matrices are obtained by summing the transformed ply stiffnesses across the laminate thickness. If the stacking sequence is symmetric, the coupling matrix B vanishes, decoupling bending and stretching.

Ply properties and orientation play a central role. Each ply’s stiffness is transformed from its local coordinates to the laminate coordinates according to its orientation angle, and then integrated over thickness to form A, B, and D. CLT provides predictions for in-plane stiffness, bending stiffness, and potential coupling between bending and stretching, and it serves as a basis for design optimization. For nonlinear behavior, damage, or large deformations, other models or finite element methods may be employed.

Applications include the design of aerospace composite panels, automotive components, wind turbine blades, and laminated safety glass. The Laminatmodell helps engineers tailor stacking sequences to achieve targets for stiffness, weight, and strength, while also guiding failure analysis and manufacturability.