LVISS

LVISS, or the **Low-Volume Injection Seismic Survey**, is a specialized geophysical technique used primarily in the oil and gas industry to assess subsurface formations with minimal environmental impact. Unlike traditional seismic surveys, which involve large-scale vibrations that can affect surface structures and wildlife, LVISS employs low-energy sources to generate seismic waves. This method is particularly advantageous in urban or environmentally sensitive areas where conventional seismic activities are restricted.

The process of LVISS typically involves injecting small volumes of fluid, such as water or a specialized gel, into the subsurface at controlled depths. The injected fluid creates seismic waves as it propagates through rock formations, which are then detected by surface or downhole sensors. These waves help geophysicists analyze subsurface structures, including fault lines, sediment layers, and potential hydrocarbon reservoirs. The low-energy nature of LVISS reduces surface vibrations, making it suitable for areas where noise pollution or ground displacement could pose risks.

LVISS is often utilized in microseismic monitoring, where small-scale seismic events are tracked to study reservoir behavior during hydraulic fracturing or other stimulation techniques. It is also employed in carbon capture and storage projects to monitor the integrity of underground storage sites. The technique’s precision and reduced environmental footprint have made it a valuable tool in modern subsurface characterization, particularly in regions with strict regulatory constraints on seismic activity. While LVISS shares similarities with microseismic monitoring, its focus on low-volume injections distinguishes it as a specialized approach for targeted subsurface imaging.