LASEK

LASEK, abbreviation for Laser-Assisted Sub-Epithelial Keratectomy, is a refractive surgery technique used to correct refractive errors by reshaping the cornea. It is a surface ablation procedure that sits between PRK and LASIK in terms of invasiveness; it preserves the corneal surface epithelium while allowing laser reshaping of the stroma.

Procedure summary: A dilute alcohol solution is applied to loosen the corneal epithelium, which is then loosened and pushed aside or created as a thin flap. The underlying stroma is ablated with an excimer laser to adjust refractive error, after which the epithelial layer is repositioned and allowed to re-adhere. A bandage contact lens and postoperative medications support healing.

Compared with LASIK, LASEK does not create a full-thickness stromal flap, reducing flap-related complications but resulting in a longer or more painful healing period for some patients. Vision recovery tends to be slower than LASIK and more akin to PRK, but with less postoperative discomfort than pure PRK in some cases.

Indications and outcomes: LASEK is considered for myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism, particularly in patients with thinner corneas or those who prefer avoiding a stromal flap. Outcomes are generally predictable and stable over time, with adverse events including transient haze, dry eye, glare, or under/overcorrection being uncommon but possible.

Recovery and aftercare: Postoperative care includes antibiotic and anti-inflammatory eye drops, with a bandage contact lens typically worn for several days. Full visual stabilization may take weeks to months, and patients are advised to avoid rubbing the eye and strenuous activities during healing.