Külmumisi

Külmumisi refers to frostbite, a condition caused by freezing of the skin and underlying tissues. It typically occurs when exposed to cold temperatures, especially in combination with wind or moisture. The severity of frostbite can range from superficial to deep tissue damage, affecting skin, muscles, nerves, and even bone.

Symptoms of frostbite include a cold sensation, numbness, tingling, and a waxy or white appearance of the skin. As frostbite progresses, the affected area may become stiff and lose all feeling. In severe cases, blisters may form, and the tissue can turn black and die, leading to gangrene.

Risk factors for frostbite include exposure to extreme cold, inadequate clothing, poor circulation, dehydration, and certain medical conditions like diabetes. Infants and the elderly are also more susceptible.

Treatment for frostbite involves gradual rewarming of the affected area with lukewarm (not hot) water or warm compresses. It is crucial to avoid rubbing or massaging the frozen tissue, as this can cause further damage. Medical attention is recommended for moderate to severe frostbite, as it may require specialized care to prevent complications like infection and permanent tissue damage. Prevention is key and involves dressing warmly in layers, protecting extremities, and avoiding prolonged exposure to cold.