Kätepuhastajad

Kätepuhastajad, commonly known as hand sanitizers or hand sanitizing gels, are liquids, gels, or foams that are intended to kill microorganisms or inhibit their activity on the hands. They are typically used when soap and water are not readily available. The primary active ingredients in most hand sanitizers are alcohol-based, such as ethanol or isopropyl alcohol, usually at a concentration of 60% to 95%. These alcohols work by denaturing proteins and disrupting cell membranes of bacteria and viruses.

Non-alcohol-based hand sanitizers also exist, often containing antimicrobial agents like benzalkonium chloride. However, alcohol-based sanitizers are generally considered more effective against a broader range of germs, including many viruses. The effectiveness of hand sanitizers can be influenced by factors such as the concentration of the active ingredient, the duration of contact with the hands, and the presence of organic matter like dirt or grease, which can inactivate the sanitizer.

Using hand sanitizer involves applying a sufficient amount to the palm of one hand and rubbing both hands together, covering all surfaces of the hands and fingers, until the hands are dry. While convenient and effective for reducing germ transmission, hand sanitizers do not remove all types of germs and are not a substitute for thorough handwashing with soap and water, especially when hands are visibly dirty or greasy, or after using the toilet. Proper handwashing is more effective at removing certain pathogens and contaminants.