Kyynärniveldysplasia

Kyynärniveldysplasia refers to a developmental abnormality of the elbow joint, commonly seen in certain dog breeds. It is a condition where the bones of the elbow do not grow and develop together properly, leading to instability and pain. This malformation can involve several specific issues, including ununited anconeal process, fragmented medial coronoid process, and osteochondritis dissecans of the humeral condyle. These problems result in abnormal stress and friction within the joint, causing inflammation, cartilage damage, and eventually osteoarthritis.

The exact causes of kyynärniveldysplasia are not fully understood, but genetic factors are believed to play a significant role, making it a hereditary condition. Environmental factors and nutrition during the growth phase may also contribute. Symptoms typically appear in young, rapidly growing dogs, usually between four and eighteen months of age. Lameness in one or both front legs, stiffness after rest, and reluctance to exercise are common signs. The severity of lameness can vary.

Diagnosis usually involves a thorough physical examination and radiography (X-rays) to assess the structure of the elbow joint. Treatment strategies depend on the specific components of the dysplasia and the severity of the condition. Options range from conservative management, including pain medication, anti-inflammatory drugs, weight management, and physical therapy, to surgical interventions. Surgical approaches aim to correct the underlying abnormalities, remove loose fragments of bone or cartilage, and alleviate pain. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial to minimize the progression of osteoarthritis and improve the dog's quality of life.