Kotkad

Kotkad is the Estonian word for eagles in the plural, used to denote these large birds of prey. The term appears in natural history writing, educational materials, and everyday speech in Estonia and Estonian-language contexts. In biological terms, eagles are large raptors in the family Accipitridae. They are known for strong bodies, powerful hooked beaks, sharp talons, and excellent eyesight, enabling agile soaring and hunting. The group includes several species across different genera, with varying habitats from mountains and woodlands to coastlines and wetlands; common features include broad wings and a preference for hunting vertebrate prey.

Eagles occupy a wide geographic range, from temperate to subtropical regions. In Europe, species such as the white-tailed eagle and the golden eagle have range overlaps with human populations; conservation efforts in many countries have helped some populations recover from historical declines caused by habitat loss, persecution, or contamination. Reproduction typically involves the construction of sizable nests; many species raise one to two chicks per breeding season.

Culturally, kotkad are symbols of strength, freedom, and vision in Estonia, appearing in folklore, education, and emblems. The word can also appear in the names of clubs, organizations, or events, drawing on the eagle's prestige. See also: eagles; raptors; Estonian language.