Kora

The kora is a 21-string lute-bridge harp from West Africa, primarily associated with the Mandé cultures of Guinea, Mali, Senegal, and The Gambia. It is traditionally played by jelï or jeli, the griot storytellers and historians who preserve genealogies, histories, and social memory through music. The instrument is used in ceremonial events as well as secular performances and is an important symbol of the region’s musical heritage.

Construction and design: The kora features a large calabash gourd as a resonator, typically covered with animal skin, and a long wooden neck extending from the body. It has 21 strings arranged in two groups: 11 melody strings and 10 bass strings. The strings are tuned with a movable bridge and are commonly made from gut, nylon, or twisted metal. The instrument is usually played while seated, with the neck resting on the chest.

Playing technique and repertoire: The kora is plucked with the thumbs and index fingers of both hands, allowing the musician to produce interlocking melodic lines and drones. Players often accompany vocalists or perform instrumental solo pieces, using rapid ornamentation and a distinctive call-and-response feel. Repertoire includes traditional songs, praise poetry, and contemporary pieces in fusion with other musical genres.

Cultural role and modern presence: In Mandé society, the kora serves as a vehicle for oral history and social transmission. Since the 20th century, it has gained international recognition through recordings and collaborations, and remains a key emblem of West African music. Notable performers include Toumani Diabaté, Ballaké Sékou Kouyaté, and Seckou Keita.