Komposiitisolaatoreid

Komposiitisolaatoreid is a term referring to composite insulators, which are increasingly used in electrical power systems as alternatives to traditional porcelain or glass insulators. These insulators are constructed from multiple materials, typically including a fiberglass core for mechanical strength and polymer housing (often silicone rubber or EPDM) for weather resistance and insulating properties. The composite structure offers several advantages, such as lighter weight, increased resistance to vandalism and pollution flashover, and improved flexibility.

The design of composite insulators usually involves a central fiberglass rod, which carries the tensile load, and sheds or "skirts" made of a weather-resistant polymer. These sheds increase the creepage distance, which is the shortest distance along the insulator surface between the high-voltage conductor and the grounded metal parts. This increased creepage distance is crucial for preventing electrical discharges along the insulator's surface, especially in contaminated environments. The polymer material's hydrophobic nature helps to repel water, further reducing the likelihood of conductive paths forming on the surface.

Composite insulators are employed in various applications within the power industry, including overhead power lines, substations, and railway electrification systems. Their lightweight nature simplifies transportation and installation, often reducing labor costs and the need for heavy lifting equipment. Furthermore, their superior performance in challenging environmental conditions, such as areas with industrial pollution, salt spray, or high humidity, contributes to greater reliability and reduced maintenance requirements compared to older insulator technologies. The development and widespread adoption of composite insulators represent a significant advancement in electrical insulation technology.