Kardiologen

Kardiologen are medical doctors who specialize in cardiology, the branch of medicine devoted to the heart and circulatory system. They diagnose, treat, and help prevent cardiovascular diseases, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and congenital heart defects. They work in hospitals, cardiology clinics, and academic medical centers, often as part of multidisciplinary teams.

To become a kardiologe, a physician typically earns a medical degree, completes a residency in internal medicine, and then pursues a subspecialty fellowship in cardiology. Certification is usually granted by national medical boards. Some kardiologen further specialize in areas such as interventional cardiology, electrophysiology, heart failure, or cardiovascular imaging.

Kardiologen use a range of diagnostic tools and procedures. Non-invasive methods include electrocardiography (ECG), echocardiography, stress testing, Holter monitoring, and cardiac MRI or CT. Invasive options encompass coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent placement, as well as device therapies like pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs). Electrophysiology, ablation for arrhythmias, and advanced heart failure management are common subspecialty areas.

Common conditions treated by kardiologen include coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, valvular heart disease, hypertension, and congenital heart disease. Prevention and risk-factor management, including lipid control, blood pressure management, smoking cessation, and rehabilitation, are integral parts of care.

Education and research are important components of the field. Cardiologists contribute to clinical practice guidelines, participate in trials, and engage in ongoing professional development to apply the latest evidence to patient care.