Kannustamine

Kannustamine is a social and psychological process aimed at increasing a person’s motivation to perform a task. It involves actions or communications that reinforce effort, persistence, and engagement, such as praise, recognition, feedback, and tangible or social rewards. Kannustamine can be directed at self-regulation (self-kannustamine) or at others, and it is relevant in education, employment, parenting, sports, and broader everyday life.

Etymology: The noun kannustamine is formed from the verb kannustada, meaning to encourage or spur on, with the suffix -mine to denote the process or result.

Applications: In education and training, kannustamine supports learning by clarifying goals, providing timely feedback, and recognizing progress. In the workplace, managers use it to reinforce desired behavior and performance. In parenting and coaching, it helps build confidence and persistence. Common techniques include verbal praise, public recognition, progress updates, achievement badges, and contingency-based rewards.

Psychological aspects: Kannustamine intersects with intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. When well-timed and autonomy-supportive, it can enhance engagement; when overly controlling or unpredictable, it may reduce intrinsic interest. Transparent criteria and fair treatment are important to avoid perceptions of manipulation.

Implementation and limitations: Effective kannustamine is specific, frequent, and aligned with individual goals. It should be matched to the task, include feedback on concrete aspects, and avoid excessive rewards that undermine intrinsic motivation. Cultural context and individual differences influence how kannustamine is received.

See also: Motivation, Positive reinforcement, Education, Workplace motivation.