Kaffee

Kaffee is a beverage prepared from roasted and ground seeds of the Coffea plant. It is typically brewed by passing hot water through ground coffee, allowing compounds such as caffeine, oils, and aroma to extract into the liquid. The flavor and body of coffee depend on the bean species, roast level, grind size, water quality, and brewing method.

The Coffea plant is an evergreen shrub or small tree native to tropical Africa and naturalized in many regions. The two most important cultivated species are Coffea arabica (Arabica) and Coffea canephora, commonly called Robusta. Arabica beans generally offer sweeter, more nuanced flavors, while Robusta beans tend to be stronger and more bitter with higher caffeine content. Coffee is grown in tropical regions between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, with major production concentrated in countries such as Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, and Indonesia. After harvest, coffee cherries undergo processing to remove the pulp, producing green coffee beans that are dried, hulled, and shipped to roasters.

Roasting transforms green beans into the aromatic brown beans used for brewing. Roast level ranges from light to dark, influencing acidity, sweetness, and body. Ground coffee is stored to preserve freshness and is brewed using various methods, including espresso, drip or filter, pour-over, and traditional Turkish coffee. Caffeine content varies by bean, roast, and preparation but coffee is typically consumed for its stimulating effects.

Globally, coffee is a major agricultural commodity and cultural staple. Its production and trade involve farmers, cooperatives, roasters, and retailers, with regional coffee traditions and specialized preparation styles shaping local consumption.