Kabelspenning

Kabelspenning refers to the maximum continuous operating voltage that a cable’s insulation is designed to withstand between conductors or between a conductor and earth under normal conditions. The nominal voltage is often expressed as U0/U, for example 0,6/1 kV, 3,6/6 kV or 12/20 kV, indicating phase-to-ground and phase-to-phase values.

Cable spenning is a key parameter for selecting insulation material and cable construction. Common types of insulation include PVC, XLPE and EPR, with temperature ratings and fire performance that must be compatible with the intended installation. The chosen voltage rating also influences outer sheath design, shielding, and bending radii.

In practice, the voltage rating matters for safety, reliability and regulatory compliance. The operating voltage of the electrical system, environmental conditions (indoor, outdoor, buried), ambient temperature, mechanical stress and potential fault conditions all affect the appropriate kabelspenning. Higher voltage cables require greater insulation thickness and often more robust protective features.

Testing and marking accompany kabelspenning. Cables are subjected to insulation resistance tests and high-voltage tests (hipot) according to applicable standards. Marks on the cable indicate its nominal voltage, along with other characteristics such as insulation material, conductor type and installation prerequisites.

Standards and guidelines used to define kabelspenning include international and regional documents for power cables and electrical installations. Examples are IEC/EN standards for power cables with extruded insulation and the IEC 60364 series for electrical installations, which together guide safety, performance and installation practices.