Joulukuusen

Joulukuusen is the Finnish term for the Christmas tree. In Finnish usage, the genitive form Joulukuusen is common in phrases describing the tree’s decorations or presence, such as Joulukuusen valot (the Christmas tree lights) or Joulukuusen koristelut (the Christmas tree decorations). The Joulukuusi is a central symbol of the Finnish Christmas season and is typically an evergreen tree placed in homes or public spaces during December.

The modern practice in Finland traces its roots to Central European traditions that spread across Northern Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries. The Christmas tree became popular in urban households as part of broader Western Christmas celebrations, with practices evolving from candle-lit trees to more widespread use of electric lighting in the 20th century.

Traditionally, many Finnish families erect the tree on Christmas Eve (jouluaatto) and illuminate it for the evening festivities. Decorations commonly include lights, glass ornaments, garlands, tinsel, and a star or angel at the top. Gifts are often placed beneath the tree to be opened as part of the Christmas celebration. After the holiday, real trees are disposed of through municipal recycling programs or composting, while some households continue using artificial trees for repeated years.

Real trees, usually spruce or pine, are still widely used, though artificial trees have gained popularity for convenience and reuse. Public spaces in towns and shops also display large Joulukuuset, contributing to the seasonal atmosphere. The Joulukuusi remains closely linked to other Christmas traditions in Finland, including Joulupukki (Santa Claus) and family gatherings.