Isheemiatõbi

Isheemiatõbi, often referred to as ischemic heart disease or coronary artery disease, is a medical condition characterized by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. This reduction in blood supply, known as ischemia, occurs when the coronary arteries, which supply oxygenated blood to the heart, become narrowed or blocked. The most common cause of this narrowing is atherosclerosis, a process where plaque, a buildup of cholesterol, fat, and other substances, accumulates on the inner walls of the arteries.

When the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen, it can lead to chest pain, medically termed angina. Angina can manifest as a squeezing, pressure, or tightness in the chest, which may radiate to the arm, neck, jaw, or back. In more severe cases, a complete blockage of a coronary artery can result in a myocardial infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, where heart tissue begins to die due to prolonged oxygen deprivation.

Risk factors for developing isheemiatõbi include high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, obesity, a sedentary lifestyle, and a family history of heart disease. Early detection and management are crucial to prevent serious complications. Lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and smoking cessation, along with medical interventions like medications to manage blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar, and in some cases, procedures like angioplasty or bypass surgery, are employed to treat and manage the condition.