Invertáló

Invertáló is a Hungarian term used as an adjective or noun to describe something related to inverting or reversing. It is derived from the verb invertálni (to invert). In technical contexts, invertáló refers to devices, circuits, or processes that produce an opposite or reversed result compared with the input, often involving a change of sign, orientation, or state.

In electronics, invertáló erősítő, or an inverting amplifier, is a circuit that yields an output phase shifted by 180 degrees relative to the input. This behavior is typically achieved with an operational amplifier and negative feedback, with the transfer characteristic commonly written as Vout = −(Rf/Rin) · Vin. In such circuits the input is effectively flipped in polarity, and the gain magnitude is set by the feedback network.

In genetics and synthetic biology, invertáló mechanisms refer to the reversible inversion of a DNA segment. This process, often mediated by site-specific recombinases, can flip the orientation of a promoter, gene, or other regulatory element, enabling toggling between different expression states in living cells.

In mathematics and computer science, invertáló or inverse concepts describe operations that undo a previous transformation. An inverse function f−1 satisfies f(f−1(y)) = y, and an invertáló operátor can refer to an operation that reverses a prior mapping, such as sign inversion or bitwise negation in programming contexts.

See also: inverter, inversion, inverse function, inverting amplifier, invertible DNA segment.