Internships

Internships are structured work experiences designed to provide practical exposure to a field or occupation for students and early-career individuals. They may last a few weeks to several months and can be full-time or part-time.

Types and formats: They can be paid or unpaid, credit-bearing through an educational institution, or non-credit. Formats include summer programs, semester internships, co-ops, research internships, and remote internships. Some are project-based, others involve routine duties with mentorship.

Structure and objectives: Internships typically include onboarding, defined learning goals, supervision, and performance feedback. They aim to develop skills such as technical abilities, professional communication, teamwork, and problem-solving, and to provide industry insight and networking opportunities.

Eligibility and application: Applicants are often students or recent graduates. Applications usually require a resume, cover letter, and interviews. Competitive internships may have additional requirements, such as portfolios or references. Some programs offer academic credit or stipends.

Impact and considerations: Internships can lead to full-time employment, provide a path to advanced study, or enhance a candidate’s resume. While many programs are valuable, unpaid positions and unequal access raise concerns about equity and labor protections; wage laws vary by country and context.

Finding internships: Sources include university career centers, company websites, job boards, and professional associations. Early planning and tailoring applications to roles improve chances; networking and informational interviews can help identify opportunities.