Insulinterápia

Insulinterápia, also known as insulin therapy, is a medical treatment that involves the administration of insulin to regulate blood glucose levels. It is primarily used for individuals with diabetes mellitus, a chronic condition characterized by high blood sugar. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps glucose from the bloodstream enter cells for energy. In people with diabetes, either the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin.

Insulin therapy is crucial for managing both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system destroys the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, requiring lifelong insulin injections. Type 2 diabetes, while often managed with lifestyle changes and oral medications, may eventually require insulin therapy as the disease progresses and the pancreas's ability to produce insulin declines.

The administration of insulin can be done through various methods, most commonly through injections using syringes, insulin pens, or insulin pumps. Insulin pumps are small devices that continuously deliver small doses of insulin throughout the day and can be programmed for larger doses before meals. The type of insulin used, the dosage, and the timing of administration are tailored to each individual's needs, considering factors like diet, physical activity, and blood glucose monitoring results. Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential to ensure the effectiveness of insulin therapy and to prevent complications such as hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) or hyperglycemia (high blood sugar).