InlineAOI

InlineAOI refers to an automated optical inspection system integrated directly into the production line to inspect printed circuit boards and assemblies as they move through manufacturing. It provides real-time defect detection during assembly, complementing offline AOI by enabling immediate feedback to equipment and operators.

The system uses high-resolution cameras, multi-angle lighting, and often 2D and 3D imaging such as stereo vision or structured light. Advanced variants apply AI-based defect detection and adaptive thresholds. Images are compared against reference models to identify misplacements, shorts, opens, solder bridges, tombstoning, polarity errors, or other defects.

InlineAOI is typically integrated with pick-and-place machines and conveyors. It can trigger automatic rejects or rework signals and log data for traceability, SPC, and process control. Real-time feedback helps shorten cycle times and reduce scrap.

Limitations include difficulty detecting certain hidden defects that require X-ray or destructive testing. Setup and maintenance can be complex and costly, and proper calibration and lighting are essential for reliability.

InlineAOI is widely used in electronics manufacturing across consumer electronics, automotive, medical devices, and other sectors, as part of broader inline inspection strategies in Industry 4.0 environments.