ImpingementSyndromen
ImpingementSyndromen is a common cause of shoulder pain characterized by compression of the rotator cuff tendons and the subacromial bursa as the arm is raised, typically in overhead activities. The condition can involve degenerative changes in the tendons, bursitis, and narrowing of the subacromial space. It is often discussed as a spectrum that includes primary or mechanical impingement as well as secondary impingement due to dynamic shoulder instability.
The condition is generally categorized as primary impingement, caused by structural factors such as an enlarged
Symptoms typically include anterior or lateral shoulder pain that worsens with lifting the arm overhead, decreased
Diagnosis relies on clinical examination and imaging. Physical tests such as Neer and Hawkins-Kennedy provocative maneuvers
Management is usually nonoperative initially, with activity modification, targeted physical therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and subacromial