ITDs
Internal tandem duplications (ITDs) are a type of genetic alteration in which a segment of DNA within a gene is duplicated in tandem and inserted adjacent to the original copy. The result is an in-frame insertion that adds extra amino acids to the encoded protein, frequently altering its function or regulation. ITDs are observed in a range of cancers, most notably in hematologic malignancies, where they can drive abnormal signaling and cellular behavior.
The best characterized ITD occurs in the FLT3 gene, which encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase. FLT3-ITD mutations
Detection and reporting of ITDs rely on DNA- or RNA-based methods. Fragment analysis by PCR and capillary
Therapeutically, identification of FLT3-ITD can guide targeted therapy with FLT3 inhibitors, such as midostaurin or gilteritinib,