Hypopigmentaation

Hypopigmentaation is a nonstandard spelling of hypopigmentation, a condition characterized by partial loss of skin color due to reduced melanin production or loss of melanocytes. In medical literature, hypopigmentation is the preferred term. The term can describe patches that appear lighter than surrounding skin but are not fully depigmented.

Common causes include post-inflammatory hypopigmentation following skin inflammation or injury, which can occur after dermatitis, eczema, or physical trauma. Infections such as tinea versicolor (Malassezia) produce hypopigmented or lighter patches, especially on the trunk. Genetic conditions like oculocutaneous albinism yield generalized or widespread hypopigmentation. Other etiologies include pigmentary disorders with uneven pigment distribution and certain medications or chemical exposures that bleach or reduce melanin production.

Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment supported by tests. A Wood lamp may help differentiate hypopigmented from depigmented areas. Microscopic examination, potassium hydroxide testing, or fungal culture can identify tinea versicolor. Skin biopsy is occasionally used to distinguish hypopigmentation from other pigmentary disorders when the diagnosis is unclear.

Management focuses on treating the underlying cause and cosmetic considerations. Many post-inflammatory patches gradually repigment over months to years. Antifungal therapy is used for tinea versicolor. Avoiding skin injury, protecting from excessive sun exposure, and stopping causative topical agents or drugs when possible can help. Cosmetic options such as makeup or pigment restoration techniques may be considered for persistent, localized hypopigmentation. Prognosis varies with cause and treatment response.