Hypergranulaatio

Hypergranulation, also known as exuberant granulation or overgranulation, is a term used in wound healing and dermatology to describe the excessive formation of granulation tissue during the repair process. Granulation tissue is a specialized type of connective tissue composed of proliferating fibroblasts, new blood vessels (angiogenesis), and extracellular matrix components that fill a wound site during healing.

Hypergranulation occurs when the tissue projection extends above the level of the surrounding skin or wound edges, often preventing wound contraction and closure. It is commonly observed in chronic wounds, such as venous leg ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers, and pressure sores. Several factors can contribute to hypergranulation, including persistent infection, trauma, moisture imbalance, or the use of topical agents that promote excessive tissue growth.

Clinically, hypergranulation presents as bright red, proliferative tissue that can bleed easily and may hinder the natural healing process. Its presence can cosmetically and physiologically delay wound closure, requiring intervention to manage. Treatment options include gentle removal of the excess tissue through curettage or cauterization, optimizing wound environment (moisture balance, infection control), and using dressings that promote proper granulation and epithelialization.

Prevention strategies involve proper wound care protocols, monitoring for signs of overgranulation, and addressing underlying conditions contributing to impaired wound healing. Proper management of hypergranulation is essential for facilitating wound closure and minimizing complications associated with chronic wounds.