Hydraulinen

Hydraulinen is a Finnish term used to describe hydraulics and related technologies, referring to systems that transmit power through liquids under pressure. In Finnish engineering and industry, hydraulinen is applied as an adjective to describe components, devices, and processes that rely on liquid fluid power rather than gases.

Principles of hydraulics are based on the idea that a confined liquid transmits applied pressure uniformly (Pascal's law). A pump creates flow and pressure in a reservoir, while valves provide directional and flow control. Energy is exchanged between fluid power and mechanical motion in actuators such as cylinders or hydraulic motors.

Key components of hydraulic systems include the hydraulic fluid (commonly oil), a pump, a reservoir, actuators (cylinders or motors), valves (directional, pressure, and flow), hoses or pipes, filters, and sometimes accumulators. Design emphasizes fluid cleanliness, compatibility of materials, temperature control, and leak prevention to maintain performance and safety.

Applications of hydraulinen systems span industrial presses, construction equipment (such as excavators and loaders), aerospace and automotive braking and steering, manufacturing automation, and marine or renewable energy installations. The combination of high force capability, precise control, and compact power transmission makes hydraulics a versatile choice across sectors.

Advantages and safety considerations include high power density, smooth operation, and controllability, balanced against potential drawbacks like leaks, contamination, and heat generation. Safe operation relies on proper maintenance, filtration, pressure regulation, and protective devices such as relief valves and guards.

See also: Hydraulics, Fluid power, Pneumatics.