Hoses

Hoses are flexible tubes designed to carry liquids or gases from one location to another, typically under pressure or suction. They are used in domestic, agricultural, industrial, and automotive settings for tasks such as watering, cleaning, fueling, and processing fluids.

Construction and materials: A hose generally comprises three layers: an inner lining that provides a barrier to the conveyed substance, a reinforcement layer that adds strength to withstand pressure, and an outer cover that protects against abrasion, weather, and chemicals. Lining materials include rubber, plastics, or elastomers; reinforcement may be textile braids, wire, or spiral windings; and outer covers can be rubber, PVC, or composite blends. Hoses are rated by working pressure, temperature range, and chemical compatibility, and they are designed with appropriate bend radii and connection types.

Common types and applications: Garden hoses are used for irrigation and cleaning in homes and yards. Industrial hoses cover air, water, chemicals, and process fluids in manufacturing and processing plants. Hydraulic hoses transmit high-pressure fluid power in machinery. Fuel hoses handle gasoline or diesel in automotive and equipment contexts. Other categories include chemical hoses for aggressive fluids, air hoses, suction and vacuum hoses, and fire hoses for firefighting.

Standards, fittings, and safety: Hose selection depends on the conveyed substance, pressure, temperature, and compatibility. Standards and guidelines come from organizations such as SAE, ISO, EN, and DIN, and fittings must match hose type and end connections. Operators should inspect hoses for cracks, bulges, leaks, or kinks and replace damaged units. Proper storage away from direct sunlight and avoiding excessive bending extend hose life.

Maintenance and storage: Regular inspection, cleaning to remove residues, and correct routing prevent damage. Store coiled in a cool, dry place and avoid exposure to harsh chemicals or UV light.